Blood test

Kidney values often become noticeable before symptoms appear. What creatinine and GFR indicate, what both depend on, and where cystatin C can help.

Albumin transports and retains water in the blood vessels. Why a low level rarely occurs alone and which second number makes it truly interpretable.

Which values in a blood count indicate something about the immune system, why there is no single number for immune status, and where the informative value of a measurement ends.

Capillary blood, pharmacy test, or doctor’s office: what the value at home really shows, when it is comparable, and where the measurement reaches its limits.

Lactose, milk protein, casein—three different things with almost identical symptoms. Which test detects which one, and which is not recommended.

When health insurance covers hormone testing, when you pay yourself, and why the time of blood collection determines how meaningful the result is.

Protein requirements in old age: how much protein matters from age 65 The most important points at a glance From age 65, the German Nutrition Society gives an estimated intake of 1.0 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight...

Losing weight without muscle loss: what matters in a calorie deficit The essentials at a glance When you lose weight, you do not lose only fat. Muscle mass also decreases with your weight—and because muscles account for most of your...

Estrogen and progesterone: why the ratio matters The most important points at a glance A hormone test report contains numbers, and the first question is almost always: Is this too much or too little? With estrogen and progesterone, that is...