Science portal

Genotype and phenotype: the difference and what lies between them The essentials at a glance The genotype is the predisposition encoded in your cells. The phenotype is what it actually becomes in life. Between the two lies a layer that...

Genotyping or sequencing: the difference in methods The key points at a glance Genotyping examines a predetermined list of individual positions in the genome. Sequencing reads a section letter by letter, without such a list. The difference is not one...

Understanding estradiol levels: What your laboratory test result shows—and what it does not The essentials at a glance An estradiol value can only be interpreted using the reference range printed on your own test result. The Institute for Quality and...

Where the drop comes from, what it contains, and how it differs from drawing blood from a vein—with the limitations that are rarely mentioned.

Why the time of blood collection shifts testosterone levels, what the reference range really means, and when testing is actually worthwhile.

LPS are found on the outer membrane of many intestinal bacteria. What constitutes a technical term, what remains an interpretation, and why a microbiome test does not measure them.

Progesterone level: what determines it and what does not raise it The essentials at a glance “Raise progesterone” is one of the most frequently searched phrases related to hormones. Online answers range from herbs and vitamins to creams. What is...

Boosting your metabolism: what is supported by evidence The essentials at a glance Metabolism is not an engine you can rev up. It is the sum of all the processes by which the body obtains and uses energy, and by...

DNA test or blood test: Which should come first? The key points in brief The answer depends on your question, not on the test. Do you want to understand why your body reacts to diet, exercise, or caffeine the way...